A Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen - 1037 Words

Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House is a work of literature genius. This three-act play involves many literary technics that are undermined by the average reader such as the fact that the plot shows the main characters Torvald and his wife Nora live the perfect life. An ironic paradox based around the fact that Nora and Torvald’s relationship is the complete opposite of perfect. Also, bringing upon a conflict as well, appearance versus reality. These little hidden meanings within stories are what are undermined such as foils, characters that are used to develop a character further. Such as Torvald Helmer for Nils Krogstad and Nora Helmer also for Nils Krogstad. These foils help in showing the theme, the sacrificial roles of women. By†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, Krogstad goes completely irrational, begins committing a crime and blackmailing Nora instead of taking rational routes. Although Krogstad uses blackmail as a way to keep his job it still was not a sound way to handle his stresses. Another difference and quite the obvious is how each of them treats women. Torvald treats Nora like a possession rather than a partner, feeling like she is entitled to him. On the other hand, Krogstad lost his previous wife, the mother of his children. Then Linde comes and gets him to divert his anger away from Nora, stops the blackmail, and gains a lover. Krogstad changes his view on everything incredibly fast with the introduction of his and Linde s new love. Krogstad, as the listener knows that he is selfish but does not want to be thrown into the pit of debt he once was and in spite of rage does not seem to care about the consequences of his actions. Nora, on the other hand, cannot go to Torvald and inform him of the terrible things that Krogstad is committing. However, later in the play Torvald opens a blackmail letter from Krogstad to Nora and learns everything, the debt, the consistent blackmail, and the secrets. This where Torvald’s selfishness peaks. His actions drive Nora to leave, the last of the play has Torvald saying this, Nora! Nora! Empty! She is gone. The most wonderful thing of all. (Ibsen) Here again, we see Torvald somewhat looking at Nora like a doll.Show MoreRelatedHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House1563 Words   |  7 Pages In the play, A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen, the title itself symbolizes the dependent and degraded role of the wife within traditional marriages. Ibsen portrayed the generous nature root into women by society, as well as the significant action of this nature, and lastly the need for them to find their own voice in a world ruled by men. Ibsen wrote this play in 1879, this is the era where women were obedient to men, tend the children until their husband came home, and stood by the Cult of DomesticityRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1717 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Doll, a Partner, and a Change† Social movement of women liberation toward equal rights and independence has been a big subject in human history. It happens not only in Europe but also all over the world. Though making progress, this movement has been advancing slowly and encountered backslashes from time to time. Maybe there is something deeply hidden which the society has not figured out yet, even women themselves. What do women want, freedom or good life? Most of the time, they are notRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1291 Words   |  6 Pages A Doll s House by Henrik Ibsen, is a play that has been written to withstand all time. In this play Ibsen highlights the importance of women’s rights. During the time period of the play these rights were neglected. Ibsen depicts the role of the woman was to stay at home, raise the children and attend to her husband during the 19th century. Nora is the woman in A Doll House who plays is portrayed as a victim. Michael Meyers said of Henrik Ibsen s plays: The common denominator in many of IbsenRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1288 Words   |  6 Pages Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House is based in the Victorian society of the 19th century. It assesses the many struggles and hardships that women faced because of marriage â€Å"laws† that were crucial during that time period. The society was male- dominated with no equality. Nora is the protagonist in A Doll’s House and the wife of a man named Torvald. This play is about Nora’s voyage to recognizing her self- determination and independence. She transforms from a traditional, reserved woman to a new, independentRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1298 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"There is beauty in truth, even if it s painful. Those who lie, twist life so that it looks tasty to the lazy, brilliant to the ignorant, and powerful to the weak. But lies only strengthen our defects. They don t teach anything, help anything, fix anything or cure anything. Nor do they develop one s character, one s mind, one s heart or one s soul.† (Josà © N. Harris). Nora Helmer’s choice to lie and deceive is inappropriate and wrong for women to do to her husband during this time period; itRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s play â€Å"A Doll House† was set in the Victorian era, a time where women were highly respected. Women in this time period did not work, they had nannies to take care of their children and maids to take care of their homes. Many women had no real responsibilities, they spent their time having tea parties and socializing with their friends. Henrik Ibsen dared to show the realism of the Victorian era while everyone else would only focus on the romantic aspect. In the play, â€Å"A Doll House†Read MoreA Doll s House : Henrik Ibsen962 Words   |  4 PagesDrama Analysis A Doll’s House (Henrik Ibsen) And Trifles (Susan Glaspell) In comparing both dramas, the overwhelming aspect of convergence between both is the open discussion of gender identity. Both dramas make similar points about what it means to be a woman. Modern society in both dramas is constructed with men holding power over women. This is seen in Trifles in how men like George Henderson and Mr. Hale are myopic. The premise of the drama is how women worry over trifles, and the dismissiveRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1421 Words   |  6 PagesIn A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen examines conventional roles of men and women in the nineteenth century. In the play, Nora exemplifies the conventional feminine standard during that period. She seems to be powerless and confines herself through high standard expectations, demonstrating what the role of a women would be as a wife and mother. The protagonist of A Doll’s House is a woman named Nora Helmer. Ibsen shows how Nora’s design of perfect life gradually transforms when her sec ret unravels. InRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen876 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen A Doll’s House takes place in the home of Torvald and Nora Helmer. Through conversation with Nora’s good friend Kristine Linde it is revealed that Mr. Helmer was ill around the same time Nora’s father died. Luckily Nora’s father left her enough money that Torvald and Nora could go on a life saving trip to Italy. But the truth comes out when we find out Nora’s father did not leave her a penny. We find out that Nora got a hold of the money through a loan but she signedRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1288 Words   |  6 Pages Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House is based in the Victorian society of the 19th century. It assesses the many struggles and hardships that women faced because of marriage â€Å"laws† that were crucial during that time period. The society was male- dominated with no equality. Nora is the protagonist in A Doll’s House and the wife of a man named Torvald. This play is about Nora’s voyage to recognizing her self- determination and independence. She transforms from a traditional, reserved woman to a new, independent

Kimmel Financial Accounting Solutions Ch12 Free Essays

CHAPTER 12 Statement of Cash Flows Study Objectives 1. Indicate the usefulness of the statement of cash flows. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Kimmel Financial Accounting Solutions Ch12 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Distinguish among operating, investing, and financing activities. 3. Explain the impact of the product life cycle on a company’s cash flows. 4. Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect method. 5. Use the statement of cash flows to evaluate a company. *6. Prepare a statement of cash flows using the direct method. Summary of Questions by Study Objectives and Bloom’s Taxonomy |Item | |? 1. | |? 1. | |? 1. | |? 1. |? 1. | |? 1. |2 |C |? 4|6* |AP|? 7. | | | | |. | | | | | | | | | | | | |1A | |Distinguish among operating, investing, and financing | |Simple | |10–15 | | | |activities. | | | | | | | | | | | | |2A | |Determine cash flow effects of changes in equity accounts. | |Simple | |10–15 | | | | | | | | | |3A | |Prepare the operating activities section—indirect method. |Simple | |20–30 | | | | | | | | | |*4A | |Prepare the operating activities section—direct method. | |Simple | |20–30 | | | | | | | | | |5A | |Prepare the operating activities section—indirect method. |Simple | |20–30 | | | | | | | | | |*6A | |Prepare the operating activities section—direct method. | |Simple | |20–30 | | | | | | | | | |7A | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—indirect method, and compute cash-based ratios. |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | |*8A | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—direct method, and compute cash-based ratios. | |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | |9A | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—indirect method. |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | |*10A | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—direct method. | |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | |11A | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—indirect method. | |Moderate | 40–50 | | | | | | | | | |12A | |Identify the impact of transactions on ratios. | |Moderate | |25–35 | | | | | | | | | |1B | |Distinguish among operating, investing, and financing | |Simple | |10–15 | | | |activities. | | | | | | | | | | | | |2B | |Determine cash flow effects of changes in plant asset | |Simple | |10–15 | | | |accounts. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |3B | |Prepare the operating activities section—indirect method. |Simple | |20–30 | | | | | | | | | |*4B | |Prepare the operating activities section—direct method. | |Simple | |20–30 | | | | | | | | | |5B | |Prepare the operating activities section—indirect method. |Simple | |20–30 | | | | | | | | | |*6B | |Prepare the operating activities section—direct method. | |Simple | |20–30 | | | | | | | | | |7B | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—indirect method, and compute cash-based ratios. |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | ASSIGNMENT CHARACTERISTICS TABLE (Continued) |Problem | | | |Difficulty | |Time | |Number | |Description | |Level | |Allotted (min. | | | | | | | | | |*8B | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—direct me thod, and compute cash-based ratios. | |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | |9B | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—indirect method. |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | |*10B | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—direct method. | |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | |11B | |Prepare a statement of cash flows—indirect method. | |Moderate | |40–50 | | | | | | | | | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS ?1. (a)The statement of cash flows reports the cash receipts, cash payments, and net change in cash resulting from the operating, investing, and financing activities of a company during a period in a format that reconciles the beginning and ending cash balances. (b)Disagree. The statement of cash flows is required. It is the fourth basic financial statement. ?2. The statement of cash flows answers the following questions about cash: (a) Where did the cash come from during the period? (b) What was the cash used for during the period? nd (c) What was the change in the cash balance during the period? ?3. The three activities are: Operating activities include the cash effects of transactions that create revenues and expenses and thus enter into the determination of net income. Investing activities include: (a) purchasing and disposing of investments and productive long-lived assets and (b) lending money and collecting loans. Financing activities include: (a) obtainin g cash from issuing debt and repaying amounts borrowed and (b) obtaining cash from stockholders, repurchasing shares, and paying them dividends. ?4. a)Major sources of cash in a statement of cash flows include cash from operations; issuance of debt; collection of loans; issuance of capital stock; sale of investments; and the sale of property, plant, and equipment. (b)Major uses of cash include purchase of inventory, payment of cash dividends; redemption of debt; purchase of investments; making loans; redemption of capital stock; and the purchase of property, plant, and equipment. ?5. The statement of cash flows presents investing and financing activities so that even noncash transactions of an investing and financing nature are disclosed in the financial statements. If they affect financial conditions significantly, the FASB requires that they be disclosed in either a separate schedule at the bottom of the statement of cash flows or in a separate note or supplementary schedule to the financial statements. ?6. Examples of significant noncash activities are: (1) issuance of stock for assets, (2) conversion of bonds into common stock, (3) issuance of bonds or notes for assets, and (4) noncash exchanges of property, plant, and equipment. ?7. Comparative balance sheets, a current income statement, and certain transaction data all provide information necessary for preparation of the statement of cash flows. Comparative balance sheets indicate how assets, liabilities, and equities have changed during the period. A current income statement provides information about the amount of cash provided or used by operations. Certain transactions provide additional detailed information needed to determine how cash was provided or used during the period. ?8. (a)The phases of the corporate life cycle are the introductory phase, growth phase, maturity phase, and decline phase. (b)During the introductory phase, cash from operations and investing would be expected to be negative, and cash from financing would be positive. Questions Chapter 12 (Continued) During the growth phase, a company would be expected to show some small amounts of cash from operations while continuing to show negative cash from investing and positive cash from financing. During the maturity phase, cash from operations, investing, and financing would all be expected to be positive while in the decline phase, cash from operations and investing would continue to be positive while cash from financing would be negative. ?9. Tootsie Roll has positive cash from operations that exceeds its net income. Cash from operations exceeded its investing needs and it retired shares of stock and paid dividends. Tootsie Roll appears to be in the middle to late maturity phase. 10. The advantage of the direct method is that it presents the major categories of cash receipts and cash payments in a format that is similar to the income statement and familiar to statement users. Its principal disadvantage is that the necessary data can be expensive and time-consuming to accumulate. The advantage of the indirect method is it is often considered easier o prepare, and it provides a reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities. It also tends to reveal less company information to competitors. Its primary disadvantage is the difficulty in understanding the adjustments that comprise the reconciliation. Both methods are acceptable but the FASB expressed a preference for the direct method. Yet, the indirect method is the overwhelming favorite of companies. 11. When total cash inf lows exceed total cash outflows, the excess is identified as a â€Å"net increase in cash† near the bottom of the statement of cash flows. 12. The indirect method involves converting accrual net income to net cash provided by operating activities. This is done by starting with accrual net income and adjusting for items that do not affect cash. Examples of adjustments include depreciation and other noncash expenses, gains and losses on the sale of noncurrent assets, and changes in the balances of current asset and current liability accounts from one period to the next. 13. It is necessary to convert accrual-based net income to cash-basis income because the unadjusted net income includes items that do not provide or use cash. An example would be an increase in accounts receivable. If accounts receivable increased during the period, revenues reported on the accrual basis would be higher than the actual cash revenues received. Thus, accrual-basis net income must be adjusted to reflect the net cash provided by operating activities. 14. A number of factors could have caused an increase in cash despite the net loss. These are (1) high cash revenues relative to low cash expenses; (2) sales of property, plant, and equipment; (3) sales of investments; (4) issuance of debt or capital stock, and (5) differences between cash and accrual accounting, e. . depreciation. 15. Depreciation expense. Gain or loss on sale of a noncurrent asset. Increase/decrease in accounts receivable. Increase/decrease in inventory. Increase/decrease in accounts payable. Questions Chapter 12 (Continued) 16. Under the indirect method, depreciation is added back to net income to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activitie s because depreciation is an expense but not a cash payment. 17. The statement of cash flows is useful because it provides information to the investors, creditors, and other users about: (1) the company’s ability to generate future cash flows, (2) the company’s ability to pay dividends and meet obligations, (3) the reasons for the difference between net income and net cash provided by operating activities, and (4) the cash and noncash financing and investing transactions during the period. 18. This transaction is reported in the note or schedule entitled â€Å"Noncash investing and financing activities† as follows: â€Å"Retirement of bonds payable through issuance of common stock, $1,700,000. 19. (a)The current ratio is an accrual-based ratio that measures liquidity while the current cash debt coverage ratio is a cash-based ratio that measures liquidity. (b)Solvency can be measured by the debt to total assets ratio (accrual-based) or the cash debt coverage ratio (cash-based). *20. Net cash provided by operating activities un der the direct approach is the difference between cash revenues and cash expenses. The direct approach adjusts the revenues and expenses directly to reflect the cash basis. This results in cash net income, which is equal to â€Å"net cash provided by operating activities. | | | | | |  + Decrease in accounts receivable | |*21. |(a) |Cash receipts from customers = Revenues from sales | | | | | | | | | |  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Increase in accounts receivable | | | | | | | | | | | | |  + Increase in inventory | | |(b) |Purchases = Cost of goods sold | | | | | | | | | |  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Decrease in inventory | | | | | | | | | | | | |  + Decrease in accounts payable | | | |Cash payments to suppliers = Purchases | | | | | | | | | |  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Increase in accounts payable | | | | | | | | 22. Sales$2,000,000 Add: Decrease in accounts receivables 100,000 Cash receipts from customers$2,100,000 *23. Depreciation expense is not listed in the direct method operating activities section because it is not a cash flow item—it does not affect cash. SOLUTIONS TO BRIEF EXERCISES BRIEF EXERCISE 12-1 (a)Cash inflow from financing activity, $200,000. (b)Cash outflow from investing activity, $150,000. (c)Cash inflow from investing activity, $20,000. (d)Cash outflow from financing activity, $50,000. BRIEF EXERCISE 12-2 (a)Investing activity. (d)Operating activity. (b)Investing activity. (e)Financing activity. (c)Financing activity. (f)Financing activity. BRIEF EXERCISE 12-3 Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from issuance of bonds payable$300,000) Payment of dividends(70,000) Net cash provided by financing activities$230,000) BRIEF EXERCISE 12-4 (a)Cash from operations would be lower than net income during the growth phase because inventory must be purchased for future projected sales. Since sales during the growth phase are projected to be increasing, inventory purchases must increase and inventory expensed on an accrual basis would be less than inventory purchased on a cash basis. Also, collections on accounts receivable would lag behind sales; thus, accrual sales would exceed cash collections during the period. (b)Cash from investing is often positive during the late maturity phase and the decline phase because the firm may sell off excess long-term assets that are no longer needed for productive purposes. BRIEF EXERCISE 12-5 Net cash provided by operating activities is $2,680,000. Using the indirect approach, the solution is: Net income$2,500,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$110,000) Accounts receivable decrease? 350,000) Accounts payable decrease(280,000) 180,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$2,680,000 BRIEF EXERCISE 12-6 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$280,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$70,000 Loss on sale of plant assets? 22,000 92,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$372,000 BRIEF EXERCISE 12-7 Net income$200,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Decrease in accounts receivable$80,000) Increase in prepaid expenses(28,000) Increase in inventories(40,000) 12,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$212,000 BRIEF EXERCISE 12-8 Original cost of equipment sold$22,000 Less: Accumulated depreciation 5,500 Book value of equipment sold? 16,500 Less: Loss on sale of equipment 3,500 Cash flow from sale of equipment$13,000 BRIEF EXERCISE 12-9 (a)Free cash flow = $127,260,000 – $221,160,000 – $0 = ($93,900,000) (b)Current cash debt coverage ratio = $127,260,000 ? $243,668,000 = .52 times (c)Cash debt coverage ratio = $127,260,000 ? $928,464,500 = . 14 times BRIEF EXERCISE 12-10 (a)Free cash flow = $405,000 – $200,000 – $0 = $205,000 (b)Current cash debt coverage ratio = $405,000 ? $150,000 = 2. 7 times (c)Cash debt coverage ratio = $405,000 ? $225,000 = 1. 8 times BRIEF EXERCISE 12-11 Free cash flow = $123,100,000 – $20,800,000 = $102,300,000 BRIEF EXERCISE 12-12 Free cash flow is cash provided by operations less capital expenditures and cash dividends paid. For Payne Inc. this would be $364,000 ($734,000 – $280,000 – $90,000). Since it has positive free cash flow that far exceeds its dividend, an increase in the dividend might be possible. However, other factors should be considered. For example, it must have adequate retained earnings, and it should be convinced that a larger dividend can be sustained over future years. It should also use the free cash flow to expand its operations or pay down its debt. *BRIEF EXERCISE 12-13 | | | | | | + Decrease in accounts receivable | |Receipts from |= |Sales | | | | | |customers | |revenues | | | | | | | | | | | | – Increase in accounts receivable | | | | | | | | | $1,285,759,000 = $1,287,672,000 – $1,913,000 (Increase in accounts receivable) *BRIEF EXERCISE 12-14 | | | | | | + Decrease in income taxes payable | |Cash payment |= |Income Tax | | | | | |for income taxes | |Exp ense | | | | | | | | | | | | – Increase in income taxes payable | | | | | | | | | $125,000,000 = $370,000,000 – $245,000,000* *$522,000,000 – $277,000,000 = $245,000,000 (Increase in income taxes payable) *BRIEF EXERCISE 12-15 | | | | | | + Increase in prepaid expenses | | | | | | | | | |Cash |= |Operating | | | | – Decrease in prepaid expenses | |payments for | |expenses, | | | | | |operating | |excluding | | | | | |expenses | |depreciation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |and  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + Decrease in accrued expenses payable | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | – Increase in accrued expenses payable | | | | | | | | | $79,000 = $90,000 – $6,600 – $4,400 SOLUTIONS TO DO IT! REVIEW EXERCISES DO IT! 12-1 (1)Financing activity (2)Operating activity (3)Financing activity (4)Investing activity (5)Investing activity DO IT! 12-2 Cash flows from operati ng activities Net income$100,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation expense$6,000 Patent amortization expense2,000 Gain on sale of equipment(3,600) Decrease in accounts receivable6,000 Increase in accounts payable   3,200  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  13,600 Net cash provided by operating activities$113,600 DO IT! 12-3 (a) Free cash flow = $73,700 – $27,000 –$15,000 = $31,700 b) Cash provided by operating activities fails to take into account that a company a must invest in new plant assets just to maintain the current level of operations. Companies must also maintain dividends at current levels to satisfy investors. The measurement of free cash flow provides additional insight regarding a company’s cash-generating ability. SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES EXERCISE 12-1 (a)Noncash investing and financing activities. (b)Financing activities. (c)Noncash investing and financing activities. (d)Financing activities. (e)Investing a ctivities. (f)Operating activities. (g)Operating activities. EXERCISE 12-2 |(a) |Operating activity. | |(h) |Financing activity. |(b) |Noncash investing and | |(i) |Operating activity. | | |financing activity. | |(j) |Noncash investing and financing | |(c) |Investing activity. | | |activity. | |(d) |Financing activity. | |(k) |Investing activity. | |(e) |Operating activity. | |(l) |Operating activity. | |(f) |Noncash investing and financing activity. | |(m) |Operating activity (loss); investing | | |Operating activity. | | |activity (cash proceeds from sale). |(g) | | |(n) |Financing activity. | EXERCISE 12-3 |Point in Time | |Phase | | | | | |A | |Introductory phase | |B | |Decline phase | |C | |Maturity phase | |D | |Growth phase | During the introductory phase (point A), cash from operations and investing are expected to be negative while cash from financing would be positive. In the growth phase (point D), a company would continue to show negative cash from operations and investing and positive cash from financing. EXERCISE 12-3 (Continued) During the maturity phase (point C), cash from operations and net income would be approximately the same. Cash from operations would exceed investing needs. In the decline phase (point B), cash from operations would diminish while cash from financing would be negative. EXERCISE 12-4 JEREZ COMPANY Partial Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$190,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$35,000 Loss on sale of equipment 5,000 Increase in accounts payable? 17,000 Decrease in accounts receivable? 15,000 Decrease in prepaid expenses 4,000 76,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$266,000 EXERCISE 12-5 KITSELTON INC. Partial Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$153,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$34,000) Increase in accrued expenses payable? 10,000) Decrease in inventory? 4,000 Increase in prepaid expenses (5,000) Decrease in accounts payable(7,000) Increase in accounts receivable  (11,000) 25,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$178,000 EXERCISE 12-6 FELIX CORPORATION Statement of Cash Flows—Indirect Method For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows operating activities Net income$284,100 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$187,000 Increase in income tax payable4,700 Decrease in accounts payable     Ã‚  (3,700) Increase in accounts receivable(8,200) Increase in inventory   (11,000)   168,800 Net cash provided by operating activities452,900 Cash flows from investing activities Sale of land     Ã‚  35,000 Purchase of building  (129,000) Net cash used by investing activities(94,000) Cash flows from financing activities Issuance of bonds200,000 Payment of dividend   (12,000) Purchase of treasury stock     (32,000) Net cash provided by financing activities   156,000 Net increase in cash514,900 Cash at beginning of period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  45,000 Cash at end of period$559,900 EXERCISE 12-7 TOVAR CORP Partial Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$? 72,000) Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$28,000) Loss on sale of equipment 8,000) 36,000) Net cash provided by operating activities? 108,000) Cash flows from investing activities Sale of equipment? 11,000* Purchase of equipment(70,000) Construction of equipment(53,000) Net cash used by investing activities(112,000) Cash flows from financing activities Payment of cash dividends? (19,000) *Cost of equipment sold$49,000) *Accumulated depreciation (30,000)) *Book value? 19,000) *Loss on sale of equipment? (8,000)) *Cash proceeds$11,000) EXERCISE 12-8 (a)MATSUI COMPANY Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$ 93,000) Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$34,000) Decrease in inventory? 19,000) Increase in accounts receivable? (9,000) Decrease in accounts payable(8,000) 36,000) Net cash provided by operating activities? 129,000) Cash flows from investing activities Sale of land? 20,000) Purchase of equipment(60,000) Net cash used by investing activities? (40,000) Cash flows from financing activities Issuance of common stock? 42,000) Payment of cash dividends (35,000) Redemption of bonds (50,000) Net cash used by financing activities? (43,000) Net increase in cash 46,000) Cash at beginning of period 22,000) Cash at end of period$? 68,000) EXERCISE 12-8 (Continued) (b)1. Current cash debt coverage ratio: |Net cash provided |? Average current | |by operating activities | |liabilities | |$129,000 |? |[pic] |= |3. 0 times | |[Per Part (a)] | | | | | 2. Cash debt coverage ratio: |Net cash provided |? |Average total | |by operating activities | |liabilities | $129,000 ? [pic] = . 59 times *$47,000 + $200,000 **$39,000 + $150,000 EXERCISE 12-9 | | | |PepsiCo |Coca-Cola | |(a) |L iquidity | | | | | | |Current cash debt | |[pic] = . 75 times | |[pic] = . 64 times | | |coverage ratio | | | | | |(b) |Solvency | | | | | | |Cash debt coverage ratio | |[pic] = . 38 times | |[pic] = . 6 times | | | | | | | | | |Free cash flow | |$6,084 – $2,068 – $1,854 | |$5,957 – $1,407 – $2,911 | | | | |= $2,162 | |= $1,639 | PepsiCo’s liquidity is higher (better) than Coca-Cola’s. PepsiCo’s current cash debt coverage ratio is 17% higher than Coca-Cola’s. Coca-Cola’s solvency is slightly higher than PepsiCo’s since its cash debt coverage ratio is higher but its free cash flow smaller. EXERCISE 12-10 | | |Hoyt | |Rex | | | | |Corporation | |Corporation | |(a) |Liquidity | | | | | | |Current cash debt | |[pic] = 2. 0 times | |[pic] = 1. 0 times | | |coverage ratio | | | | | |(b) |Solvency | | | | | | |Cash debt | |[pic] = . 50 times | |[pic] = 0. 0 times | | |coverage ratio | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Free c ash flow | |$100,000 – $40,000 – $5,000 | |$100,000 – $70,000 – $10,000 | | | | |= $55,000 | |= $20,000 | Hoyt’s liquidity and solvency ratios are higher (better) than Rex’s comparable ratios. In particular, Hoyt’s current cash debt coverage ratio is twice as high as Rex’s. This ratio indicates that Hoyt is substantially more liquid than Rex. Hoyt’s solvency, as measured by the cash debt coverage ratio and free cash flow, is also better than Rex’s. *EXERCISE 12-11 Revenues$192,000) Deduct: Increase in accounts receivable(70,000) Cash receipts from customers*$122,000 Operating expenses 83,000) Deduct: Increase in accounts payable(23,000) Cash payments for operating expenses** 60,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$? 62,000 |** |Accounts Receivable | | |Balance, Beginning of year    | | | |Revenues for the year 192,000   |  Cash receipts for year 122,000 | | |Balance, End of year ? 70,000   | | |** |Accounts Payable | | | |  Balance, Beginning of year 0 | | |Payments for the year ? 0,000   |  Operating expenses for year ? 83,000 | | | |  Balance, End of year ? 23,000 | *EXERCISE 12-12 (a)Cash payments to suppliers Cost of goods sold$5,349. 7million Add: Increase in inventory 4. 7 Cost of purchases$5,354. 4m illion Deduct: Increase in accounts payable(156. 1) Cash payments to suppliers$5,198. 3million (b)Cash payments for operating expenses Operating expenses exclusive of depreciation ($11,791. 6 – $1,249. 9)$10,541. 7million Deduct: Decrease in prepaid expenses$(204. 5) Increase in accrued expenses payable  (37. 0) (241. 5) Cash payments for operating expenses$10,300. 2million *EXERCISE 12-13 Cash flows from operating activities Cash receipts from Customers$240,000* Dividend revenue 18,000* ?258,000* Less cash payments: To suppliers for merchandise$105,000 For salaries and wages? 53,000 For operating expenses? 28,000 For income taxes? 12,000 For interest     Ã‚  10,000? 208,000* Net cash provided by operating activities$? 50,000* *$48,000 + $192,000 *EXERCISE 12-14 MOSQUITO HOLLOW CORP. Statement of Cash Flows—Direct Method For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows form operating activities Cash receipts from customers$566,100 Less: Cash payments: For goods and services$279,100 For income taxes93,000 For operating expenses77,000 For interest  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  22,400   471,500 Net cash provided by operating activities94,600 Cash flows form investing activities Sale of building202,400 Purchase of equipment  (113,200) Net cash provided by investing activities89,200 Cash flows from financing activities Issuance of common stock355,000 Payment of cash dividend (21,800) Purchase treasury stock(57,300) Cash paid to redeem bonds at maturity  (200,000) Net cash provided by financing activities  Ã‚  Ã‚   75,900 Net increase in cash259,700 Cash at beginning of period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11,000 Cash at end of period$270,700 *EXERCISE 12-15 Cash payments for rentals Rent expense$ 30,000* Add: Increase in prepaid rent? ?3,100* Cash payments for rent$ 33,100* Cash payments for salaries Salaries expense$ 54,000* Add: Decrease in salaries payable? ?2,000* Cash payments for salaries$ 56,000* Cash receipts from customers Revenue from sales$160,000* Add: Decrease in accounts receivable 9,000* Cash receipts from customers$169,000* SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS |PROBLEM 12-1A | | | | |Cash Inflow, Outflow, or No Effect? | | | | | | |Transaction |Where Reported | | |(a) |Recorded depreciation |O |No cash flow effect | | |expense on the plant assets. | | | |(b) |Recorded and paid interest expense. |O |Cash outflow | |(c) |Recorded cash proceeds from a sale of plant assets. |I |Cash inflow | |(d) |Acquired land by issuing |NC |No cash flow effect | | |common stock. | | |(e) |Paid a cash dividend |F |Cash outflow | | |to preferred stock holders. | | | |(f) |Distributed a stock dividend |NC |No cash flow effect | | |to common stockholders. | | | |(g) |Recorded cash sales. |O |Cash inflow | |(h) |Recorded sales on account. O |No cash flow effect | |(i) |Purchased inventory for cash. |O |Cash outflow | |(j) |Purchased inventory on |O |No cash flow effect | | |account. | | | |PROBLEM 12-2A | (a)Net income can be determined by analyzing the retained earnings account. Retained earnings beginning of year$270,000 Add: Net income (plug) 60,500* 330,500 Less: Cash dividends20,000 Stock dividends 10,500 Retained earnings, end of year$300,000 ($300,000 + $10,500 + $20,000 – $270,000) (b)Cash inflow from the issue of stock was $14,500 ($165,000 – $140,000 – $10,500). Common Stock | |140,000 | | | |10,500 |Stock Dividend | | |14,500 |Shares Issued for Cash | | |165,000 | | Cash outflow for dividends was $20,000. The stock dividend does not use cash. c)Both of the above activities (issue of common stock and payment of dividends) would be classified as financing activities on the statement of cash flows. |PROBLEM 12-3A | GRIDER COMPANY Partial Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended November 30, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$1,650,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$ 80,000 Decrease in inventory500,000 Decrease in accrued expenses payable  (100,000) Increase in prepaid expenses(150,000) Increase in accounts receivable(300,000) Decrease in accounts payable  (350,000)  Ã‚   (320,000) Net cash provided by operating activities$1,330,000 |*PROBLEM 12-4A | GRIDER COMPANY Partial Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended November 30, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Cash receipts from customers$7,400,000(1) Less cash payments: To suppliers$4,750,000(2) For operating expenses? 1,320,000(3)? 6,070,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$1,330,000 Computations: (1)Cash receipts from customers Sales$7,700,000 Deduct: Increase in accounts receivable (300,000) Cash receipts from customers$7,400,000 (2)Cash payments to suppliers Cost of goods sold$4,900,000 Deduct: Decrease in inventories (500,000) Cost of purchases? 4,400,000 Add: Decrease in accounts payable 350,000 Cash payments to suppliers$4,750,000 3)Cash payments for operating expenses Operating expenses, exclusive of depreciation$1,070,000* Add: Increase in prepaid expenses$150,000 Decrease in accrued expenses payable100,000 250,000 Cash payments for operating expenses$1,320,000 *$450,000 + ($700,000 – $80,000) |PROBLEM 12-5A | JANTZEN COMPANY Partial Statement of Cash Flo ws For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$230,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$70,000 Loss on sale of equipment16,000 Increase in accounts payable13,000 Increase in income taxes payable 6,000 Increase in accounts receivable  (10,000) 95,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$325,000 |*PROBLEM 12-6A | JANTZEN COMPANY Partial Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Cash receipts from customers$960,000(1) Less cash payments: For operating expenses$601,000(2) For income taxes 34,000(3)? 635,000 Net cash provided by operating activities$325,000 (1)Computation of cash receipts from customers Revenues$970,000 Deduct: Increase in accounts receivable ($70,000 – $60,000)? (10,000) Cash receipts from customers$960,000 2)Computation of cash payments for operating expenses Operating expenses per income statement$614,000 Deduct: Increase in accounts payable ($41,000 – $28,000)  Ã‚  Ã‚  (13,000) Cash payments for operating expenses$601,000 (3)Computation of cash payments for income taxes Income tax expense per income statement$ 40,000 Deduct: Increase in income tax es payable ($13,000 – $7,000)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (6,000) Cash payments for income taxes$ 34,000 |PROBLEM 12-7A | (a)TRAHAN COMPANY Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$32,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income o net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$17,500* Increase in accounts payable? 9,000 Decrease in income taxes payable? (1,000) Increase in merchandise inventory(7,000) Increase in accounts receivable  (19,000)? (500) Net cash provided by operating activities31,500 Cash flows from investing activities Sale of equipment8,500 Cash flows from financing activities Issuance of common stock4,000 Redemption of bonds (6,000) Payment of dividends  (20,000) Net cash used by financing activities  (22,000) Net increase in cash18,000 Cash at beginning of period  Ã‚  20,000 Cash at end of period$38,000 *$32,000 – ($24,000 – $9,500(A)) = $17,500 A)$18,000 (cost of e quipment) – $8,500 (book value) = $9,500 (accumulated depreciation for equipment sold) PROBLEM 12-7A (Continued) |(b) 1. |$31,500 |? |[pic] = 1. 17 times | | |[Per Part (a)] | | | *$15,000 + $8,000 **$24,000 + $7,000 2. $31,500 ? [pic] = . 55 times *$15,000 + $8,000 + $33,000 **$24,000 + $7,000 + $27,000 3. $31,500 – $0 – $20,000 = $11,500 |*PROBLEM 12-8A | (a)TRAHAN COMPANY Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Cash receipts from customers$223,000(1) Less cash payments: To suppliers$173,000(2) For operating expenses 6,500(3) For interest 3,000 For income taxes 9,000(4)? 191,500 Net cash provided by operating activities 31,500 Cash flows from investing activities Sale of equipment8,500 Cash flows from financing activities Issuance of common stock 4,000 Redemption of bonds (6,000) Payment of dividends? (20,000) Net cash used by financing activities? (22,000) Net decrease in cash 18,000 Cash at beginning of period 20,000 Cash at end of period$? 38,000 Computations: (1)Cash receipts from customers Sales$242,000 Deduct: Increase in accounts receivable  Ã‚  Ã‚  (19,000) Cash receipts from customers$223,000 *PROBLEM 12-8A (Continued) (2)Cash payments to suppliers Cost of goods sold$175,000 Add: Increase in inventory 7,000 Cost of purchases? 182,000 Deduct: Increase in accounts payable? ?9,000 Cash payments to suppliers$173,000 (3)Cash payments for operating expenses Operating expenses$24,000 Deduct: Depreciation $32,000 – ($24,000 – $9,500*)  Ã‚  17,500 Cash payments for operating expenses$ 6,500 *$18,000 – $8,500 = $9,500 (4)Cash payments for income taxes Income tax expense$8,000 Add: Decrease in income taxes payable 1,000 Cash payments for income taxes$9,000 |(b) 1. |$31,500 |? |[pic] = 1. 7 times | | |[Per Part (a)] | | | **$15,000 + $8,000 ***$24,000 + $7,000 2. $31,500 ? [pic] = . 55 times *$15,000 + $8,000 + $33,000 **$24,000 + $7,000 + $27,000 3. $31,500 – $0 – $20,000 = $11,500 |PROBLEM 12-9A | CIPRA INC. Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$158,900 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$46,500 Increase in accounts payable 34,700 Loss on sale of plant assets7,500 Decrease in accrued expenses payable (500) Increase in prepaid expenses? (2,400) Increase in inventory? (9,650) Increase in accounts receivable  (54,800)? 21,350 Net cash provided by operating activities? 180,250 Cash flows from investing activities Sale of plant assets1,500 Purchase of investments (24,000) Purchase of plant assets (100,000) Net cash used by investing activities(122,500) Cash flows from financing activities Sale of common stock45,000 Payment of cash dividends (30,350) Redemption of bonds (40,000) Net cash used by financing activities (25,350) Net increase in cash 32,400 Cash at beginning of period 48,400 Cash at end of period$? 80,800 |*PROBLEM 12-10A | CIPRA INC. Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Cash receipts from customers$337,980(1) Less cash payments: To suppliers$110,410(2) For income taxes 27,280 For operating expenses 15,310(3) For interest 4,730? 157,730 Net cash provided by operating activities? 180,250 Cash flows from investing activities Sale of plant assets 1,500 Purchase of investments? (24,000) Purchase of plant assets (100,000) Net cash used by investing ? activities(122,500) Cash flows from financing activities Sale of common stock 45,000 Payment of cash dividends? (30,350) Redemption of bonds? (40,000) Net cash used by financing activities (25,350) Net increase in cash 32,400 Cash at beginning of period 48,400 Cash at end of period$? 80,800 Computations: (1)Cash receipts from customers Sales$392,780 Deduct: Increase in accounts receivableà ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (54,800) Cash receipts from customers$337,980 *PROBLEM 12-10A (Continued) (2)Cash payments to suppliers Cost of goods sold$135,460 Add: Increase in inventory 9,650 Cost of purchases? 145,110 Deduct: Increase in accounts payable? (34,700) Cash payments to suppliers$110,410 (3)Cash payments for operating expenses Operating expenses exclusive of depreciation$12,410 Add: Increase in prepaid expenses$2,400 Decrease in accrued expenses payable 500 2,900 Cash payment for operating expenses$15,310 |PROBLEM 12-11A | MERCADO COMPANY Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net income$ 37,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$42,000 Decrease in accounts receivable? 12,000 Decrease in prepaid expenses 5,720 Increase in accounts payable? ,730 Loss on sale of equipment2,000 Increase in inventory  Ã‚   (9,450)? 57,000 Net cash provided by operating activities? 94,000 Cash flows from investing activities Sale of land? 25,000 Sale of equipment? 8,000 Purchase of equipment(95,000) Net cash used by investing activities? (62,000) Cash flows from financing activities Payment of cash dividends  (12,000) Net c ash used by financing activities  (12,000) Net increase in cash20,000 Cash at beginning of period? 45,000 Cash at end of period$65,000 Noncash investing and financing activities Conversion of bonds by issuance of common stock$40,000 |PROBLEM 12-12A | | | |Current Cash Debt Coverage | | | | | |Ratio |Cash Debt Coverage Ratio | | | |Free Cash Flow ($125,000) |(0. 5 times) |(0. 3 times) | | | | | | | | |Transaction | | | | |(a) |Recorded credit sales $2,500. |NE |NE |NE | |(b) |Collected $1,500 owing from customers. I |I |I | |(c) |Paid amount owing |D |D |D | | |to suppliers, $2,750. | | | | |(d) |Recorded sales returns of $500 and credited the |NE |NE |NE | | |customer’s account. | | | | |(e) |Purchased new equipment $5,000; signed a long-term |D* |NE |D | | |note payable for the cost of the equipment. | | | |(f) |Purchased a patent and paid $15,000 cash for the |D |NE |NE | | |asset. | | | | *Note to Instructor: If only cash capital expenditures are deducted, this answe r would be NE. |BYP 12-1 FINANCIAL REPORTING PROBLEM | (a)Net cash provided by operating activities: 2007 $90,064 2006 $55,656 Some causes of the significant changes in net cash provided by operating activities during 2007 were the decrease in the accounts receivable, a decrease in inventories, and a decrease in income taxes payable and deferred. (b)The increase in cash and cash equivalents for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $1,877,000. (c)Tootsie Roll uses the indirect method of computing and presenting the net cash provided by operating activities. (d)According to the statement of cash flows, accounts receivable decreased $2,591,000 in 2007. Inventories decreased $6,506,000 in 2007. Accounts payable (and accrued liabilities) decreased $3,234,000 in 2007. (e)The net cash used by investing activities in 2007 was $43,345,000. (f)The supplemental disclosure of cash flow information disclosed interest paid of $537,000 and income taxes paid of $11,343,000 in 2007. BYP 12-2 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS PROBLEM | |(a) | | | |Hershey | |Tootsie Roll | | | | | | | | | | |1. |Current cash | |[pic] | |[pic] | | | |debt coverage | |= . 51 times | |= 1. 0 times | | | |ratio | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |2. |Cash debt | |[pic] | |[pic]= . 54 times | | | |coverage ratio | |= . 22 times | | | **$57,972 + $116,523 **$62,211 + $98,747 (b)Tootsie Roll’s current cash debt coverage ratio provides a ratio of $1. 50 of cash from operations for every dollar of current debt. It is a better representation of liquidity on an average day than the current ratio. Tootsie Roll’s higher ratio (1. 50 vs. .51) indicates Tootsie Roll was significantly more liquid in 2007 than Hershey but both measures are acceptable. The cash debt coverage ratio shows a company’s ability to repay its liabilities from cash generated from operating activities without having to liquidate the assets employed in its operations. Since Tootsie Roll’s cash debt coverage ratio was more than twice as large (. 54 vs. .22) as Hershey’s, Tootsie Roll’s ability to repay liabilities with cash from operations was significantly greater than Hershey’s in 2007. BYP 12-3 RESEARCH CASE | (a)The article suggests that most people aren’t concerned about Sears’s liquidity. Instead, the concern is that the company won’t have adequate cash to implement the changes it needs to make a return to profitability. Also, some investors were concerned t hat a cash shortage will reduce Sears’s ability to carry out the treasury stock buyback program that it had previously announced. (b) At the time of the article, Sears had not reported its cash flow numbers. It had, however, reported an estimate that by the end of the quarter the company would have $1 billion in cash on hand. This was lower that analysts had expected. Based upon estimates of amounts that the company had spent on treasury stock, debt repayment, and capital expenditures, analysts determined that it was likely that, to arrive at $1 billion in cash on hand, the company’s cash flow must have declined. (c)Individuals who tried to defend Sears said that they thought it was inappropriate to make such negative statements about the company based on estimates. They suggested it would be better to wait until the company reports its actual cash flow numbers before evaluating the company. (d)The article suggests that, if, in fact, Sears’s cash flow is declining, it is a bad time of year for that to be happening. Normally the fourth quarter would be a period when cash flows would be strong, because of the holiday shopping season. In contrast, Sears frequently experiences negative cash from operations during the first three quarters of the year. |BYP 12-4 INTERPRETING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | (a)Current ratio—2001:$1,207. 9? $ 921. 4= 1. 31 —2004:$2,539. 4? $1,620. 4= 1. 57 Current cash debt ?coverage ratio—2001:($119. 8)? $ 948. 2= (. 13) times —2004: $566. 6? $1,436. 6= . 39 times Both Amazon’s current ratio and its current cash debt coverage ratio improved dramatically from 2001 to 2004. Amazon’s current ratio increased by 20% (from 1. 31 to 1. 57) during the 3-year period. In addition Amazon’s current cash debt coverage ratio improved by $. 52 per dollar of current liabilities (from a negative $. 13 per dollar in 2001 to a positive $. 39 per dollar in 2004). Amazon’s liquidity improved greatly from 2001 to 2004. (b)Cash debt ?coverage ratio—2001:($119. 8)? $3,090. 0= (. 04) times —2004: $566. 6? $4,773. 4= . 12 times Debt to total ?assets ratio—2001:$3,077. 5? $1,637. 5= 1. 88 —2004:$5,096. 1? $3,248. 5= 1. 57 Amazon’s solvency also improved significantly from 2001 to 2004. Its cash debt coverage ratio increased by $. 16 per dollar of total liabilities during the 3-year period. Amazon’s debt to total assets ratio also improved (decreased) by 16% from 2001 to 2004. c)Free cash flow—2001:($119. 8)–$50. 3 – $0= ($170. 1) —2004: $566. 6–$89. 1 – $0= $477. 5 Amazon’s free cash flow increased by almost $650 million from 2001 to 2004. The increase was caus ed by Amazon finally generating a profit in 2004. If Amazon is able to continue operating at a profit and producing a large free cash flow, it should be able to finance an expansion of its operations. BYP 12-4 (Continued) (d)While these measures tell us a lot about Amazon. com, they don’t tell us whether the stock price is reasonable. Amazon. com’s high stock price is a reflection of a belief by investors that Amazon. com will continue to grow incredibly fast. If this growth falters, its stock price will fall rather quickly. Also, Amazon. com’s heavy reliance on debt financing compounds the risk of investing in its stock because it may have a difficult time paying its debts if its growth does not continue. |BYP 12-5 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS ON THE WEB | Answers will vary depending on the company chosen by the student. |BYP 12-6 DECISION MAKING ACROSS THE ORGANIZATION | (a)DEVITO COMPANY Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended January 31, 2010 Cash flows from operating activities Net loss$(35,000)* Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation expense$? 55,000 Gain from sale of investment? ?(5,000)50,000 Net cash provided by operating activities15,000 Cash flows from investing activities Sale of investment 80,000 Purchase of investment ? (75,000) Purchase of fixtures and equipment  (320,000) Net cash used by investing activities(315,000)* Cash flows from financing activities Sale of capital stock? 405,000 Purchase of treasury stock? (10,000) Net cash provided by financing activities395,000 Net increase in cash 95,000 Cash at beginning of period? 40,000 Cash at end of period$235,000 Noncash investing and financing activities Issuance of note for truck$20,000 BYP 12-6 (Continued) *Computation of net income (loss) Sales of merchandise$385,000 Interest revenue 6,000 Gain on sale of investm How to cite Kimmel Financial Accounting Solutions Ch12, Essay examples

Impact of Age on Memory Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Age on Memory. Answer: Post There exists a strong correlation between ageing and the rate of cognitive decline. In this context, cognition refers to the ability of the human mind to process and utilize outside information. However, a number of complications are related to ageing such as malfunctioning of the neurons, slow or decreased rate of neuronal transmission. This may be due to loss of synapses, which could be correlated to degeneration of nerves (Slavin et al. 2015). Thus, such a condition often develops into dementia, which is associated with decreased memory or power of recollection (Salthouse, 2009). The cognitive abilities may be divided into several specific divisions such as memory, intellect, language and visual processing is some of the few. Moreover, as asserted by salthouse (2009), the cognitive decline in ageing could be related to a number of co-morbid conditions such as hypertension, bipolar disorder. As commented by Murman (2015), the gradual decrease has been noticed in the processing speed, the problem-solving ability of patients receiving treatment for bipolar and hypertension. The medicines have been found to affect the normal alertness and processing capacity of the mind (Salthouse, 2009). Studies and sufficient however argues, that the ability to recall or process complex information (working memory) declines with age (Salthouse, 2009). Response The working memory has been known to control a series of operations such as recollection, attention, problem solving and decision-making. The working memory helps in striking a balance between the activities of daily life. As commented by Salthouse (2009), gradual degeneration is noticed in the grey and the white matter areas in case of dementia. This has been supported by structural brain mapping and imaging using techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). It has shown that there is a gradual decrease in the size of the brain with age. As suggested by Riddle (2007), the pre-frontal lobe is known as the working memory of the brain. Thus, structural changes in the working memory affect the power of attention in the old age. The theories reported over here have been found to be consistent with the brain scan and images, which has shown neuronal loss or changes brought about in the pre-fontal lobe of the brain to be associated with impaired speech and memory. However, as argued by Salthouse (2009), loss in concentration could be attributed to the processing of multiple stimuli at the same time.The activities such as perception, decision-making or problem solving could be grouped under a single processing domain. This has been supported by Villemagne et al. (2013), which states that different areas of the cerebro cortex are affected differently by the presence of some of the co-morbid conditions. As commented by Sheikh et al. (2012), the presence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's may result in the shrinkage of the grey matter, which affects the decision-making process. On the contrary, as argued by Murman (2015), certain aspects of the working memory are well maintained through old age. This further raises the question to the aspect of ageing and associated cognitive decline. Additionally , the occurrence of the neurodegenerative diseases have been found to be related to oxidative stress and other environmental conditions. Further studies have revealed that oxidative stress and misfolding of proteins are responsible for the degeneration of memory (Salthouse, 2009). References Murman, D. L. (2015). The impact of age on cognition. InSeminars in hearing(Vol. 36, No. 03, pp. 111-121). Australia: Thieme Medical Publishers. Riddle, D. R. (Ed.). (2007).Brain ageing: models, methods, and mechanisms. London: CRC Press. Salthouse, T. A. (2009). When does age-related cognitive decline begin?Neurobiology of Aging,30(4), 507514. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.09.023 [Dated 29 July 2017] Sheikh, S., Haque, E., Mir, S. S. (2012). Neurodegenerative diseases: multifactorial conformational diseases and their therapeutic interventions.Journal of neurodegenerative diseases,2013. Slavin, M. J., Sachdev, P. S., Kochan, N. A., Woolf, C., Crawford, J. D., Giskes, K., ... Brodaty, H. (2015). Predicting cognitive, functional, and diagnostic change over 4 years using baseline subjective cognitive complaints in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study.The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,23(9), 906-914. Villemagne, V. L., Burnham, S., Bourgeat, P., Brown, B., Ellis, K. A., Salvado, O., ... Ames, D. (2013). Amyloid deposition, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline in sporadic Alzheimer's disease: a prospective cohort study.The Lancet Neurology,12(4), 357-36

Macbeth Is, In All Ways, A Tragic Hero. His Greatness Led To His Obses

Macbeth is, in all ways, a tragic hero. His greatness led to his obsession and then to his shocking, yet inevitable, downfall. The play thoroughly illustrates his rise and fall through a tragic story of man versus himself. At the beginning, the reader sees a man with a conscience and a mind. But after the turn of many events and Macbeth's constant fear of being caught, he becomes weak. Macbeth is extremely passionate about becoming king. In the first act, his motivation comes mostly from his wife. However, after he is king his determination to keep the title changes to an obsession. Because of this, hi greatness turns against him and his passionate nature causes him to become out of control. Macbeth creates walls around himself. He uses the witches prophecies and Lady Macbeth's reassurance to convince himself that he is oblivious to all. One example of this is when he says But swords I smile at, weapons laugh to scorn/ Brandish'd by man that's of a woman born (V.7.16-17) His deeply flawed judgement makes him vulnerable. The downfall of Macbeth's social estate and his personal self come simultaneously. We see foreshadowing when Lady Macbeth says These deeds must not be thought/ After these ways; so, it will make us mad (II.2.40-41) While he is going crazy others detect that he is evil. I grant him bloody Luxurious, avaricious, false, deceitful Sudden, malicious, smacking of every sin That has a name (IV.3.70-73) One must be strong inside to be a leader and inspiration to others. When personal strength diminishes, onlookers can sense that, and lost respect and loyalty. Other characters are noticing Macbeth's corruption. Not in the legions/ Of horrid hell can come a devil more damn'd/ In evils to top Macbeth (IV.3.66-69) Though readers know how evil he is, they are sad to see him lose in the end. The reader becomes attached to Macbeth throughout the story. They know his weaknesses and his feelings. It is no surprise that shocked and upset are common emotions. In the moments before his death, Macbeth realizes what he has done wrong but is ready to move on from his tragic life. By the end of the play he is exhausted and welcomes relief. The only way he sees relief though is through death. But compared to a life of fear and deception, he readily accepts it. It is not until the end of the play that Macbeth realizes his mistakes. If he had it all to do over again, perhaps everything would have worked out. His passionate and obsessive nature prevent him from holding onto all he has worked for. He becomes the perfect model of a tragic hero. And it all makes for a good story and a good lesson in life.

Schedule Instagram Posts Along With Everything Else - CoSchedule

Schedule Instagram Posts Along With Everything Else With its 500 million active users, Instagram can help you reach your audience in a social network they already love. But†¦ the in-the-moment nature of posting to Instagram makes it difficult for marketers to strategically capture the opportunity. With for Instagram, the newest feature in your favorite marketing calendar, you’ll go from spontaneous to strategic.  That  means you’ll quit forgetting to post on Instagram! Now you’ll post to Instagram with a few easy clicks, schedule your Instagram content where you plan everything else, and collaborate with your team better than ever. Start scheduling to  Instagram with now! Finally! Plan all of your content + social media in one place! Including #Instagram!Quit Forgetting To Post On Instagram Already! Get notified on your phone when it’s time to post  so you don’t miss out on consistently reaching your followers. Begin by scheduling  Instagram posts in your  calendar where you organize everything else. Then rock  the all-new for  Instagram app on your mobile device, available on the Apple App Store and Google Play Store. Quit forgetting to post on #Instagram with !Youll receive push notification reminders when youve scheduled  messages for  Instagram! Your reminders come with a beautiful  preview, so youll know exactly what youre posting at a glance. Now youll  proactively schedule your Instagram content so you quit forgetting to post on Instagram! Post To Instagram With A Few Easy Clicks Eliminate copying and pasting your messages by using the tool designed to do it for you! Get content from your calendar into Instagram with an easier process than ever before. The for  Instagram mobile app not only reminds you when its time to post. It gives you the content  youve planned so you can share to Instagram with a few easy clicks. You can also post, reschedule, or delete missed messages in seconds. Plan your content and get it into Instagram easily with ! Post to #Instagram with a few easy clicks! Heres how:Schedule Instagram Alongside Everything Else Consolidate your toolset! Easily schedule Instagram messages (even for multiple accounts) where you manage all of your social media posts and other content in . You can now schedule  Instagram-specific campaigns all in one place. And you can include Instagram messages as  one network of many for your social media campaigns! Plus, you can manage content for multiple Instagram accounts with  one calendar. That gets you organized  while you consolidate your toolset. Have multiple calendars? You can still easily manage all of your Instagram accounts with one  for Instagram mobile app. Manage all of your social media scheduling in one place! Schedule #Instagram content alongside everything else!Go From Spontaneous To Strategic Get a real return from a planned posting schedule. Schedule your Instagram messages in advance to post truly Insta-worthy content at the best times for engagement. Plan Instagram projects with Social Campaigns to organize messages in one place. Streamline your process and take the tedious work out of posting to Instagram! Now youll plan what youll post in advance on a calendar designed to help you manage your entire social media schedule. View previews of how your messages will appear on Instagram, and see your complete posting plan. Youll  eliminate the stress behind the in-the-moment nature of posting to Instagram! Plus, you can eliminate the guesswork of determining when to post with Best Time Scheduling.  Youll automatically schedule messages at the highest active time for Instagram to increase your reach! Collaborate Better Than Ever On Instagram Projects Empower your team to work together more effectively with easy, customizable workflows and communication (without the overwhelming email strings). Planning multiple Instagram campaigns? Manage your process more efficiently with customizable task templates in . Easily assign tasks (complete with due dates) to team members to make sure your Instagram projects get done on time, every time! Your discussion for the project lives in for everyone to see, eliminating missed emails and miscommunication! Start Scheduling Your Instagram Content Where You Organize Everything Else! Scheduling to Instagram is available on all new calendars. The for Instagram mobile app is available on the Google Play Store and Apple App Store. So start scheduling to Instagram now! Plus, in addition to Instagram, these seven  amazing new features just launched in your favorite marketing calendar over the past few months: Social Analytics: Measure the success of your social messages and prove the ROI of the work you do! A New User Experience:  Organize your content- and your team- more efficiently than ever. ReQueue: Automatically reuse your best social messages (without the manual busywork). Social Tagging: Tag any Facebook Page or Twitter handle without jumping from one social network to the next. Social Video:  Manage, schedule, and share all of your social media videos in one place. Social Campaigns: Organize and create a series of social messages (in one project) to drip out days, weeks, and even months after publish. Social Templates: Schedule messages in bulk (and remove the tedious process of manual scheduling). ^ Now thats a lot of organization! And theres a lot more in store for you when you rock as your social media and marketing calendar. Start now with a 14-day free trial of the worlds #1 best-selling marketing editorial calendar!

Biography of Hubert Humphrey, the Happy Warrior

Biography of Hubert Humphrey, the Happy Warrior Hubert Humphrey (born Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr.; May 27, 1911–January 13, 1978) was a Democratic politician from Minnesota and the Vice President under Lyndon B. Johnson. His relentless push for civil rights and social justice made him one of the most prominent and effective leaders in the U.S. Senate in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. However, his shifting position on the Vietnam War as Vice President changed his political fortunes, and his support for the war ultimately played a role in his loss of the 1968 presidential election to Richard Nixon. Fast Facts: Hubert Humphrey Known For: Vice President to President Lyndon B. Johnson, five-term senator, and a Democratic candidate in the 1968 presidential electionBorn: May 27, 1911 in Wallace, South DakotaDied: Jan. 13, 1978 in Waverly, MinnesotaEducation: Capitol College of Pharmacy (pharmacists license); University of Minnesota (B.A., political science); Louisiana State University (M.A., political science)Key Accomplishments: His role in the passage of the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty of 1963 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964Spouse: Muriel Fay Buck HumphreyChildren: Hubert H. III, Douglas, Robert, Nancy Early Years Born in 1911 in Wallace, South Dakota, Humphrey grew up during the Midwests great agricultural depression of the 1920s and 1930s. According to Humphreys Senate biography, the Humphrey family lost its home and business in the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression. Humphrey briefly studied at the University of Minnesota, but soon moved to the Capitol College of Pharmacy to receive his pharmacists license in order to help his father, who ran a drugstore. After a few years as a pharmacist, Humphrey returned to the University of Minnesota to earn his bachelors degree in political science, then went on to Louisiana State University for his masters. What he saw there inspired his first run for elected office. From Mayor to the U.S. Senate Humphrey took up the cause of civil rights after witnessing what he described as the â€Å"deplorable daily indignities† suffered by African Americans in the South. After graduating with his masters degree in Louisiana, Humphrey returned to Minneapolis and ran for mayor, winning on his second try. Among his most notable accomplishments after taking office in 1945 was the creation of the nations first human relations panel, called the Municipal Fair Employment Practices Commission, to crack down on discrimination in hiring. Humphrey served one four-year term as mayor and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1948. It was that year, too, that he pushed delegates to the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia to adopt a strong platform plank on civil rights, a move that alienated Southern Democrats and cast doubt on Harry Trumans chances of winning the presidency. Humphreys brief speech on the floor of the convention, which led to the overwhelming passage of the plank, set the party on a path to establish civil rights laws nearly two decades later: To those who say that we are rushing this issue of civil rights, I say to them we are 172 years late. To those who say that this civil-rights program is an infringement on states’ rights, I say this: The time has arrived in America for the Democratic Party to get out of the shadow of states rights and to walk forthrightly into the bright sunshine of human rights. The partys platform on civil rights was as follows: â€Å"We call upon Congress to support our President in guaranteeing these basic and fundamental rights: 1) the right of full and equal political participation; 2) the right to equal opportunity of employment; 3) the right of security of person; and 4) the right of equal treatment in the service and defense of our nation.† From U.S. Senate to Loyal Vice President Humphrey forged an unlikely bond in the U.S. Senate with Lyndon B. Johnson, and in 1964 accepted a role as his running mate in the presidential election. In doing so, Humphrey also vowed his unswerving loyalty to Johnson on all issues, from civil rights to the Vietnam War. Humphrey relinquished many of his most deeply held convictions, becoming what many critics called Johnsons puppet. For example, at Johnsons request, Humphrey asked civil rights activists to back down at the 1964 Democratic National Convention. And despite his deep reservations about the Vietnam War, Humphrey became Johnsons chief spear carrier for the conflict, a move that alienated liberal supporters and activists who protested U.S. involvement. 1968 Presidential Campaign Humphrey became the Democratic Partys accidental presidential nominee in 1968 when Johnson announced he would not seek re-election and another presumptive front-runner for the nomination, Robert Kennedy, was assassinated after winning the California primary in June of that year. Humphrey defeated two war opponents- U.S. Senators Eugene McCarthy of Minnesota and George McGovern of South Dakota- at the tumultuous Democratic National Convention in Chicago that year and chose U.S. Senator Edmund Muskie of Maine as his running-mate. Humphreys campaign against Republican presidential nominee Richard M. Nixon was underfunded and disorganized, however, because of the candidates late start. (Most White House aspirants begin building an organization at least two years before Election Day.) Humphreys campaign really suffered, though, because of his support for the Vietnam War when Americans, particularly liberal voters, were growing skeptical of the conflict. The Democratic nominee reversed course before election day, calling a halt to bombing in September of the election year after facing accusations of baby-killer on the campaign trail. Nonetheless, voters viewed a Humphrey presidency as a continuation of the war, and chose instead Nixons promise of an â€Å"an honorable end to the war in Vietnam.† Nixon won the presidential election with 301 of the 538 electoral votes. Humphrey had run unsuccessfully for the Democratic Partys presidential nomination twice before, once in 1952 and once in 1960. In 1952, Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson won the nomination. Eight years later, U.S. Senator John F. Kennedy won the nomination. Humphrey also sought the nomination in 1972, but the party chose McGovern. Later Life After losing the presidential election, Humphrey returned to private life teaching political science at Macalester College and the University of Minnesota, though his academic career was short-lived. â€Å"The pull of Washington, the need I suppose, to resurrect my career and previous reputation were too great,† he said. Humphrey won re-election to the U.S. Senate in the 1970 elections. He served until his death from cancer in January 13, 1978. When Humphrey died, his wife, Muriel Fay Buck Humphrey, filled his seat in the Senate, becoming only the 12th woman to serve in the upper chamber of Congress. Legacy Humphreys legacy is a complicated one. He is credited with setting members of Democratic Party on a path to passing the Civil Rights Act in 1964 by championing the causes of social justice for minorities in speeches and rallies over the span of nearly two decades. Humphreys colleagues nicknamed him the happy warrior because of his indefatigable optimism and spirited defense of the weakest members of society. However, he is also known for acquiescing to Johnsons will during the 1964 election, essentially compromising his own long-held convictions. Notable Quotes We have made progress. Weve made great progress in every part of this country. We’ve made great progress in the South; we’ve made it in the West, in the North, and in the East. But we must now focus the direction of that progress towards the realization of a full program of civil rights to all.â€Å"To err is human. To blame someone else is politics.†Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The moral test of government is how that government treats those who are in the dawn of life, the children; those who are in the twilight of life, the elderly; and those who are in shadows of life, the sick, the needy, and the handicapped.† Sources â€Å"Hubert H. Humphrey, 38th Vice President (1965-1969).†Ã‚  U.S. Senate: Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, Historical Office of the U.S. Senate, 12 Jan. 2017.Brenes, Michael. â€Å"The Tragedy of Hubert Humphrey.†Ã‚  The New York Times, The New York Times, 24 Mar. 2018.Nathanson, Iric. â€Å"The Final Chapter: Hubert Humphrey Returns to Public Life.†Ã‚  MinnPost, 26 May 2011.Traub, James. â€Å"The Party of Hubert Humphrey.†Ã‚  The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 8 Apr. 2018.

International Politics on the World Stage Essay

International Politics on the World Stage - Essay Example The Iranian President's victory also a hardliner seems to reflect on my theory that what US seems to do is rather being counter productive and is winning more supporters for these hardliners. The Muslim brotherhoods popularity and victory is another example of the growing challenges. As theory in governance for the Middle East clearly shows that not one of the Middle Eastern states except Turkey and Israel is democratically ruled. The mode of extremism started right after the soviets invaded Afghanistan and the Americans led by the CIA in collaboration with states such as Pakistan and various warlords labeled the conflict as jihad calling on the Muslims who wished to fight for the new world a fight against the evil they said was communism. As the soviets were defeated and retreated in 1988 and as the Americans left these people who were religiously fervent began to settle in these areas branding their own version of Islam by enforcing the Shariah law. These people with weapons began to settle in their respective countries countering threats from their various governments, with no democracy in these middle eastern states new recruits seemed to fill in to these camps as unemployment and poverty was on the rise while as they saw the Americans as the enemy who had occupied the holy land of Mecca led by a Saudi billionaire fugitive who fought alongside the CIA before launched a whole scale war against the Americans in general leading to first the blowing up of US embassies to USS Cole disaster to the September 11 terror attacks on new York and Washington. What we see is a world where various circles claim it to be a clash of civilization where the ever growing insurgent activities in Iraq and other parts of the create an unholy environment for the Muslims in general. The Palestinian conflict remains the bone of contention between the west and not only amongst the Islamic Middle Eastern nations but the whole Islamic world to. The inhabitance of Israel of evacuating t he land it occupied in 1967 war and to a two state solution where the Palestinians and Israelis can live peacefully side by side is a distant dream away as Israelis refuse to give up control over Jerusalem which is sacred to both parties. While under patronage of UN a solution can be formed which can be acceptable to both parties where the Israelis have to leave the settlements in the west bank, while having the joint custody of Jerusalem under a UN peacekeeping umbrella guarding the new frontier laid between the leaning wall and the Al-Aqsa mosque. UNs incapability in solving the international conflicts fuelling in Palestine, Kashmir and Chechnya seems to give a rise in extremist activity as they see no hope from this world body to make a decision for their regard. Except for passing resolutions accustomed on a piece of paper this body hasn't taken any constructive decision in solving any of the conflicts regard. While the importance will be restored once as UN takes proactive measures in countering these tactics by ensuring that no innocent person is harmed especially by state form of terrorism which in return gives rise to a struggle with the force of the gun labeled as terrorism in the west as the person affected

Critical Review Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Review - Research Paper Example The major objective of the research was to analyze the moderating role of professional self efficacy in coping behaviour while meeting the demands of the job. The paper would critically review the study on the wider context of the research methodology adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of hypotheses used. Critique The scholars have used quantitative research methodology for validating social cognitive theory of self efficacy. The methodology chiefly relies on the fact that the data sought can be quantified and thus can be applied on large number of people. The generalization of a theory therefore, becomes the most significant aspect of the current research. Heterogeneous sample, comprising of 625 employees from different companies cutting across wide range of socio-economic demography and occupation was used. 51% male and 49% female representation in the sample helped reduce gender biases. The broad spectrum of demographic representation greatly facilitated the validity of the study. The measurement technique adopted was in the form of self report questionnaire that was distributed to the employees and collected after completion by a member of the research team. The study was conducted under the pre-defined hypotheses that primarily focused on the fact that self efficacy is directly related to the coping strategies. It was also assumed that it acts as a moderating element between the demands of the job and coping strategies that are used under defined situations. The variables used were the imperatives of job demands that included work overload and role conflict, professional self efficacy and two types of coping behaviour; active and passive. The coping behaviour was dependent variable that was evaluated against the independent variables like professional self efficacy, gender, age, quantitative work overload and role conflict. Work overload and role conflict were important stressors that significantly helped to analyze the moderating role of professiona l self efficacy. Hierarchal multiple regression analysis is very useful in measuring interaction effect (Cohen and Cohen, 1983). Thus, it was used separately with two dependent variables and hypotheses were successfully tested when independent variables were introduced within the statistical analysis. Large sample size across wide demographic segment has helped to provide important evidence that professional self efficacy is indeed vital ingredient of positive coping behaviour. The cognitive social theory of professional self efficacy was critical element of research hypotheses that significantly helped to identify the extent of its impact on the coping behaviour of the participants. The study has greatly facilitated in addressing the challenges of the time. The various elements that adversely impact the work performance of the employees are important issues within the wide ranging paradigms of human resource management. The study has found strong linkages that can considerably infl uence the performance of the workforce. The professional self efficacy is broadly described as the professional skills and capabilities of the workers that encourage them to take on the challenges of the job with more confidence. Hence, if the employee is professionally better equipped than his counterpart, he would be better able to manage the demands of the job. Higher level of job proficiency promotes proactive behaviour that thrives on solving the

An Inside View of the U.S. Marine Corps Essay Example for Free

An Inside View of the U.S. Marine Corps Essay The book â€Å"First to Fight: An Inside View of the U. S. Marine Corps† by Marine General Victor H. Krulack is about the life and journey of the marines. The author is a legend in the Marine Corps, and this book is his way of showing the world of the struggles and the fights that the Marines went through and still do today. The author begins by saying that the book contains some parts about history and legend and the other parts about his opinion on certain issues involving the Marines. This book is able to touch the lives of many because the author, using his personal experiences and that of his fellow Marines, conveys the very essence of being in the Marine Corps. The stories of his life serve as inspiration to those in the service. He was a former Lieutenant General and as such, everything that he has written in his book is very appealing to the readers because of its authenticity. People respect his opinion and they want to know his perspective on the controversies that have been around for quite some time. The book successfully shows how the Marines were able to deal with and get past their challenges, and it also explores the potential conflicts that may be encountered in the future. The author reviews intensely the very core foundation of the Marines by examining the war where they participated in. Examples would be the battle of Khe Sanh in Vietnam war and the 1950 Inchon landing that happened in Korea. Gen. Krulak illustrates in the book how the cooperation of both the Corps and the Navy paved the way for one of the most unforgettable operations in the history of battles (Krulak, 1999). He also provides an explanation of why and how the United States Military chain of command works the way it does today. This book is widely read mainly because the author is able to portray the relationship of the Marines with others engaged in the public service especially during trying times like the period of World War II. The author has successfully transferred into words the importance of being a Marine and how it feels like to be one, and he has succeeded in showing the world the reason behind the reputation of the marines, and the reason for their existence is not because of what they can contribute to the country but because the country believes in what they can do. â€Å"First to Fight† not only brings a new insight about marines in action, but it also provides political strategies and tactics because not all battles are won and fought in the field, and the Marine Corps has proven their worth and competence both in and out of the battle field. Gen. Krulak firmly states that what makes the U. S. Marine Corps great is their solidarity. They are more than just military machines; they are a brotherhood of people, and reading this book makes a person appreciate the past and the great men behind it (Krulak, 1999). History shows that the United States has been through a lot of war. Some of them are won and some are lost. In the conclusion of his book, the authors parting words are that the Marines should always be aware of what they stand for and meet the challenges uprightly without making any compromises. These very words are the reason why these noble men should be given utmost respect. The country will not be what it is today if not for their bravery. They fought hard for the country, and reading this book is one way of acknowledging and appreciating them and giving them the recognition that they deserve. Reference Krulak, V. H. (1999). First to Fight: An Inside View of the U. S. Marine Corps. New York: US Naval Institute Press.

The Gender of Sports Essay -- Athletics Men Women Essays

The Gender of Sports What are the social and cultural costs and benefits of an individual (male or female) entering a non-traditional sport for their gender/sex (e.g. women enter body building, power lifting, boxing; men enter synchronized swimming or field hockey)? In today's society, particularly in the United States, an individual entering a non-traditional sport for his/her gender takes on many tasks besides playing the sport, the individual also takes on the criticism (good or bad) of people who play the sport and those who watch it too. There are many social and cultural costs as well as benefits, but to what extent mostly depends on the sport and the sex of the player. The biggest thing that creates a social and cultural cost in the world of sports is change. People have a hard time coping with a change in the norm, especially when people are not welcome still to this day that women play sports. So as soon as a man/woman wants to do something different, there will always be controversy that will include harassment of the individual from sexual orientation to class, or simply what this change could do to the particular sport in the long run. A man entering a "women's" sport is very different than a woman entering a "man's" sport. There is more praise given to a woman entering a male-dominated sport and more disapproval given to a man entering a female-dominated sport. For example, when the ABL and WNBA, particularly when the WNBA, started up, many people questioned whether women could play professionally and handle the pressure of living up to the NBA. As soon as commercial ads came out for the WNBA league, it was done in a fashion to show that the WNBA did consist of straight women and it was not a league for... ...lp the society. In the short run there may be a slow start to the idea of the intermingling of sexes playing sports, but sport is such a moneymaking machine, sometimes change is what is needed in order to create ideas of marketing and in the long run it will be successful. The costs and benefits of this crossing over may vary from one society to another, but the biggest cost would be an unsuccessful emergence, which would just bring us back to the starting point. The biggest cultural and social benefit may be for that individual who succeeded in this non-traditional sport and will be used as a marketing tool. It may also create opportunities for the organization itself or society, like jobs in coaching, marketing or any other business in the area of change. It is also another way for an individual to have the chance to accomplish one's desire for the American Dream.

A Shared Vision

Most individuals who have exemplary leadership qualities and skills are often referred to as â€Å"born leaders.† However, I tend to disagree with such kind of mentality.I believe that there is no such thing as born leaders, but rather good leaders are honed by their experiences in life as well as with the principles and values that they acquire through time. Being an effective leader entails that a person should know how to influence and motivate other people.These include sharing with them a vision or objective that the leader thinks will benefit the organization that they belong to. Being the case, it is important to give due attention and consideration to the life experiences of a leader.The vision that he or she has and how he or she will fit it with the rules of the organization is also essential. In line with this, I also have my own life experiences that helped me to have the necessary leadership traits that I currently apply with the organization that I belong to.Pers onal ExperiencesI served for the military for a span of ten years. Like any personnel that have to work for this kind of organization, I have learned the concept of discipline and obedience. We were trained to follow orders and to always be ready for anything especially during emergency situations.I also internalized the principle of standing for what you believe in. Sometimes, I even have to fight for my principles in life because there are instances wherein I will encounter a situation or even people who would challenge the beliefs that I have. I can say that working for the military has indeed honed me into becoming the person that I am now. I have learned many things that developed my leadership qualities.I vividly remember a particular person that inspired me because I believe that he exemplifies what an ideal and effective leader should be. I was under his supervision during my initial entry into the military. At first, I find him too strict and intimidating. He always notices my every move and makes a big deal of the mistakes that I make. I really have a hard time keeping with the standards that he has.However, as the days pass by I noticed that his strictness is actually helping me. I have become more disciplined and I tend to think carefully of every move that I take.I make it a point to logically and critically analyze my decisions and actions especially with regards to its effects on other people. Under his leadership, I started doing my best to prove myself to him and to the organization by taking greater responsibilities and making bolder steps. I can say that I have proved my worth because of his way of motivating me.Moreover, I also admired how he handles his subordinates. He might be a disciplinarian but he still makes sure that he gives equal attention to the needs of the people that he governs.Another remarkable trait that he has is the way he influences other people with the vision that he holds for the organization. He wants to improve the military by training people that will uplift the organization. As such, all his plans and efforts are dedicated in the achievement of such vision.

Risk Assignment

498 Assignment 4 Spring 2013 Due Date: March 26, 2013 1. Consider the Luxury Seaside Hotel Risk Management case you put together in your previous assignment. Answer the following questions regarding each one of the risk sources you have identified (at least 4). i)If you desired to follow a statistical approach in the assessment of the risk, what hard data would you need, what hard data do you think would be available, what near accident data could be used to support the available insufficient accident/failure data? i) What would be the key probability distributions of interest, which of these do you think you would be able to estimate (given the data environment that you have imagined in (i))? iii)What regression relationships would be of interest, which of these do you think you would be able to accomplish (given the data environment that you have imagined in (i))? Guideline for Answering / Grading: i)Data availability/unavailability scenarios should be reasonable and based on facts , observations, assumptions, examples, beliefs. the related discussions could be very brief). ii)Suggestions for the key random variables and the associated probability functions should be clearly stated and based on well founded arguments (again, the related discussions need not be very long). Parameters of these distributions and how are they to be estimated from the data environment imagined in (i) should be clearly stated. ii)Suggestions for the regression relationships should be clearly stated and based on well founded arguments (again, the related discussions need not be very long).Related independent and dependent variables should be well defined. 2. A researcher from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is interested in how variables, such as GRE (Graduate Record Exam scores), GPA (grade point average) and prestige of the undergraduate institution, effect admission into graduate school. Since the response variable, admit/don't admit, is a binary variable, she considered logistic regression.A small data set is conducted to fit a logistic regression equation relating the admit/don’t admit decision y to GRE score x1, GPA score x2, and prestige of the undergraduate institution x3.. The data set is ready in both excel and SPSS data format, which can be obtained from course website by downloading binary. xlsx or binary. sav. The purpose of this homework is to use logistic regression to arrive at an appropriate model that predicts the outcome variable  admit, using  gre,  gpa, and  rank.

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buy custom Restoration of Campus Sanity essay Emerging trends in our institutions of higher learning have lately elicited mixed reactions. Parents, teachers, Non-governmental organizations, the government itself and other stakeholders have remained bewildered by the current state of events in these institutions. What really happened to these institutions? What additional measures need to be put in place to achieve campus sanity? These are some of the questions we ought to ask ourselves if we need make some progress to finding long term solutions. The road towards achieving campus sanity is long and requires commitment from all the stakeholders to walk on successfully. Effort should be seen from all corners: lecturers, students, the government, parents, Non-governmental organizations, educationists and the general public. We need not play blame games if we intend to achieve this mission. Attention needs to be focused on the people that are downplaying the mission to achieve campus sanity. Students need to start evaluating themselves on a personal basis. They should be disciplined and focus on key issues regarding their personal development. They need to understand the reason why they are in school and work towards becoming better. It is paramount that they also understand the future is in their hands and that any deviation from the norm would play a big role in making the country disillusioned and wanting in terms of availability of ready labor. Enough said, students should engage more on profitable activities, sports, debating, politics other just sit down anguishing ovr what they call their rights. They should learn effective ways of communicating their views other than opting on leading strikes, vandalizing property and throwing stones. They need to start getting closer to the administration part so that they can communicate anything unusual. Campus administrators and teachers also need to be keen in the process of their delivery. They should opt for more favorable tactics other than dictatorial and ensure Students are satisfied. Counseling sessions are important and should be made readily available to students. In addition, they should seek to get closer to their students. This will inform them of any issues that need to be addressed before its too late. Of importance too is for lecturers to learn to be fair in their dealings such that students will not see them as a hindrance to their academic progress. On the other hand, morality should be upheld such that cases of relationships are not reported between teachers and students. In the past, administrators have often being agents of impunity overindulging in curtailing the freedom of students. Students then result to resistance claiming they want their freedom back. This affects the learning process a great deal. Disciplinary measures that are sound and rational should be initialized in these institutions. It is important that students be corrected whenever deviations are noted. Such may include suspensions and expulsions though it should be done after careful evaluation. In addition, they need to be told why they were ddisciplined and advised to correct this in the future. This will promote cordial relations even after the punishments have been given. Parents are not to be left behind in this fight. They ought to take up their as parents, guardians and disciplinarians seriously if we are to win this race. It has been common in the past for parents to abdicate their roles assuming other stake holders will support. This has had disastrous effects on the behavior of students with most of them remaining unguided. Some have ended in drugs and substance abuse, crime and other malpractices. Parents are to blame for their negligence. The government also should help in rationalizing the situation. It is important that it provides an enabling environment to these institutions. It should organize workshops for students and employ qualified counselors for the job. This will see to it that the situation finally improves parents, guardians and disciplinarians seriously if we are to win this race. It has been common in the past for parents to abdicate their roles assuming other stake holders will support. This has had disastrous effects on the behavior of students with most of them remaining unguided. Some have ended in drugs and substance abuse, crime and other malpractices. The parents are to blame for their negligence. The government also should help in rationalizing the situation. It is important that it provides an enabling environment to these institutions. It should organize workshops for students and employ qualified counselors for the job. This will see to it that the situation finally improves. Buy custom Restoration of Campus Sanity essay